What role do nitrogen oxides play in air quality?

Nitrogen oxides, which include compounds like nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitric oxide (NO), are significant air pollutants that play a detrimental role in air quality. They contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone and smog through a series of chemical reactions. When nitrogen oxides are emitted into the atmosphere, particularly from sources such as vehicle exhaust and industrial processes, they react with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the presence of sunlight. This reaction leads to the production of ground-level ozone, a major component of smog, which can have severe health effects on humans, impair lung function, and exacerbate respiratory problems.

Additionally, nitrogen oxides can lead to acid rain, which can harm ecosystems, wildlife, and infrastructure. Therefore, understanding their role in the formation of ground-level ozone and smog is crucial for addressing air quality issues effectively.