What can be a direct effect of weather patterns trapping pollutants near the surface?

The correct choice highlights the direct impact of weather patterns that trap pollutants near the surface. When these patterns occur, such as during temperature inversions, pollution can accumulate in a localized area rather than dispersing into the atmosphere. This accumulation can lead to a deterioration in air quality, which in turn can result in heightened health issues for the population. Individuals may experience respiratory problems, increased incidence of asthma attacks, or other health complications connected to poor air quality.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately reflect the consequences of trapped pollutants. Improved air quality across all sectors would be an unrealistic outcome under such conditions, as the trapping of pollutants generally leads to the opposite effect. Increased air circulation would actually help disperse pollutants, resulting in cleaner air, not trapping them. Lastly, enhanced biodiversity in the area is unlikely when air quality suffers, as many species are sensitive to air pollution and may not thrive in environments with poor air quality.